Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 9
The sleds were usually made of hard, dark kauila [6] wood.
What happens: make · To what, where: sleds
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sleds | det |
| 2 | sleds | sled | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 made | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 made | aux:pass |
| 4 | usually | usually | ADV | _ | 5 made | advmod |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 kauila | case |
| 7 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 kauila | amod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 hard | punct |
| 9 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 kauila | amod |
| 10 | kauila | kauila | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obl |
| 11 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 12 6 | punct |
| 12 | 6 | 6 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 kauila | appos |
| 13 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 12 6 | punct |
| 14 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 kauila | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past · passive | the sleds | of hard dark kauila and wood; usually property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/9/