Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 23
Some of the legends say that as a fish Kama-puaa swam through the seas to Hawaii, but others say that he used his leho boat, visited the different islands and passed slowly to the southeastern point of Hawaii to Cape Kumu-kahi.
Who acts: Some, others, puaa · What happens: say, swim, use, visit, pass, point · To what, where: Hawaii, seas, leho boat, different islands, southeastern point · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, others, puaa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 5 say | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 legends | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 legends | det |
| 4 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Some | nmod |
| 5 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 swam | mark |
| 7 | as | as | ADP | _ | 9 fish | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 fish | det |
| 9 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 swam | obl |
| 10 | Kama | Kama | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 fish | appos |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Kama | punct |
| 12 | puaa | puaa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 fish | conj |
| 13 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 say | ccomp |
| 14 | through | through | ADP | _ | 16 seas | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 seas | det |
| 16 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 swam | obl |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 Hawaii | case |
| 18 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 swam | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 say | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 say | cc |
| 21 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 say | nsubj |
| 22 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 say | parataxis |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 25 used | mark |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 used | nsubj |
| 25 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 say | ccomp |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 boat | nmod:poss |
| 27 | leho | leho | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 boat | compound |
| 28 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 used | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 visited | punct |
| 30 | visited | visit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 used | parataxis |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 islands | det |
| 32 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 islands | amod |
| 33 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 visited | obj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 passed | cc |
| 35 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 visited | conj |
| 36 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 35 passed | advmod |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 40 point | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 point | det |
| 39 | southeastern | southeastern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 point | amod |
| 40 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 passed | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 Hawaii | case |
| 42 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 point | nmod |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 kahi | case |
| 44 | Cape | Cape | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 kahi | compound |
| 45 | Kumu | Kumu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 Cape | flat |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 kahi | punct |
| 47 | kahi | kahi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 passed | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Some of the legends | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | swim | past | Hawaii | the seas | as a fish and puaa | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through sea=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | others | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | use | past | puaa | puaa's leho boat | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Patient | ||||
| 5 | visit | past | the different islands | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent island=Co-Agent | |||||
| 6 | pass | past | the southeastern point of Hawaii | to Cape kahi; slowly property | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to point=Initial_Location to kahi=Destination | ||||
| 7 | point | Hawaii | nom point «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/23/