Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 25
He threaded his way through forests of trees and ferns and at last stood on the hills looking down upon the lake of fire.
Who acts: puaa · What happens: thread, stand, look down · To what, where: way, forests, last
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puaa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 threaded | nsubj |
| 2 | threaded | thread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 way | nmod:poss |
| 4 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 threaded | obj |
| 5 | through | through | ADP | _ | 6 forests | case |
| 6 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 threaded | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 trees | case |
| 8 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 forests | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 ferns | cc |
| 10 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 forests | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 stood | cc |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 last | case |
| 13 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 stood | obl |
| 14 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 threaded | conj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 hills | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 hills | det |
| 17 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 stood | obl |
| 18 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 stood | advcl |
| 19 | down | down | ADV | _ | 18 looking | advmod |
| 20 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 22 lake | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 lake | det |
| 22 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 looking | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 fire | case |
| 24 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lake | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 threaded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | thread | past | puaa | puaa's way | forests of trees and ferns | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Patient | |||
| 2 | stand | past | puaa not said here | last | on the hills | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at last=Location | |||
| 3 | look down | gerund | puaa not said here | upon the lake of fire; down property | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon lake=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/25/