Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 82
The fire-rivers, already rushing to the sea, were narrowed and driven downward so rapidly that they leaped out from the land, becoming immediately the prey of the remorseless ocean.
Who acts: fire rivers, rivers · What happens: rush, narrow, drive, leap out, become · To what, where: fire rivers, land, prey
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire rivers, rivers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 rivers | det |
| 2 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rivers | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 fire | punct |
| 4 | rivers | river | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 narrowed | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 rushing | punct |
| 6 | already | already | ADV | _ | 7 rushing | advmod |
| 7 | rushing | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 rivers | acl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 sea | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 sea | det |
| 10 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rushing | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 rivers | punct |
| 12 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 narrowed | aux:pass |
| 13 | narrowed | narrow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 driven | cc |
| 15 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 narrowed | conj |
| 16 | downward | downward | ADV | _ | 15 driven | advmod |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 18 rapidly | advmod |
| 18 | rapidly | rapidly | ADV | _ | 21 leaped | advmod |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 leaped | mark |
| 20 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 leaped | nsubj |
| 21 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 narrowed | advcl |
| 22 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 leaped | compound:prt |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 land | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 land | det |
| 25 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 leaped | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 becoming | punct |
| 27 | becoming | become | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 leaped | advcl |
| 28 | immediately | immediately | ADV | _ | 27 becoming | advmod |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 prey | det |
| 30 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 becoming | xcomp |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 ocean | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 ocean | det |
| 33 | remorseless | remorseless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 ocean | amod |
| 34 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 prey | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 narrowed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rush | gerund | the fire rivers not said here | to the sea result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sea=Result | ||||
| 2 | narrow | past · passive | the fire rivers | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | drive | participle | downward property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | leap out | past | rivers = river | the land | rapidly property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from land=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | become | gerund | rivers = river not said here | the prey of the remorseless ocean | immediately property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/12/82/