Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 83
Thus the ragged mass of Laupahoe-hoe was formed, and the great ledge of the arch of Onomea, and the different sharp and torn lavas in the edge of the sea which mark the various eruptions of centuries past.
Who acts: different sharp lavas, centuries · What happens: form, tear, mark, erupt · To what, where: ragged mass, various eruptions
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (different sharp lavas, centuries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 10 formed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 mass | det |
| 3 | ragged | ragged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 mass | amod |
| 4 | mass | mass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 formed | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 hoe | case |
| 6 | Laupahoe | Laupahoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 hoe | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Laupahoe | punct |
| 8 | hoe | hoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mass | nmod |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 formed | aux:pass |
| 10 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 ledge | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 ledge | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ledge | det |
| 14 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 ledge | amod |
| 15 | ledge | ledge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 formed | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 arch | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 arch | det |
| 18 | arch | arch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 ledge | nmod |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Onomea | case |
| 20 | Onomea | Onomea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 arch | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 lavas | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 lavas | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 lavas | det |
| 24 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 lavas | amod |
| 25 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 lavas | amod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 torn | cc |
| 27 | torn | tear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 sharp | conj |
| 28 | lavas | lava | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 formed | obl |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 edge | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 edge | det |
| 31 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 lavas | nmod |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 sea | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 sea | det |
| 34 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 edge | nmod |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 mark | nsubj |
| 36 | mark | mark | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 lavas | acl:relcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 eruptions | det |
| 38 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 eruptions | amod |
| 39 | eruptions | eruption | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 mark | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 centuries | case |
| 41 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 eruptions | nmod |
| 42 | past | past | ADV | _ | 36 mark | advmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 formed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | form | past · passive | the ragged mass of Laupahoe hoe | the great ledge of the arch of Onomea obl; the different sharp lavas in the edge of the sea obl; thus property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | tear | participle | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | mark | present | the different sharp lavas in the edge of the sea | the various eruptions of centuries | past property | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent eruption=Destination | |||
| 4 | erupt | centuries | nom eruption «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/12/83/