Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 9
It is easy to see how the story arose of Pele and Poliahu, the snow-goddess of Mauna Kea, but it is not easy to understand the different forms which the legend takes while the legends concerning the other three maidens of the white mantle are very obscure indeed.
Who acts: story, legend, legends · What happens: be, see, arise, not be, understand, take · To what, where: different forms, other three maidens · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, legend, legends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 easy | expl |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 easy | cop |
| 3 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 see | mark |
| 5 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 easy | xcomp |
| 6 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 arose | advmod |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 story | det |
| 8 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 arose | nsubj |
| 9 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 see | ccomp |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Pele | case |
| 11 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 arose | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 Poliahu | cc |
| 13 | Poliahu | Poliahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Pele | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 goddess | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 goddess | det |
| 16 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 goddess | compound |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 snow | punct |
| 18 | goddess | goddess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Pele | appos |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 Mauna | case |
| 20 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 goddess | nmod |
| 21 | Kea | Kea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Mauna | flat |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 easy | punct |
| 23 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 easy | cc |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 easy | expl |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 easy | cop |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 easy | advmod |
| 27 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 easy | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 understand | mark |
| 29 | understand | understand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 easy | csubj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 forms | det |
| 31 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 forms | amod |
| 32 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 understand | obj |
| 33 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 takes | obj |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 legend | det |
| 35 | legend | legend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 takes | nsubj |
| 36 | takes | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 forms | acl:relcl |
| 37 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 51 obscure | mark |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 legends | det |
| 39 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 obscure | nsubj |
| 40 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 legends | acl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 maidens | det |
| 42 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 maidens | amod |
| 43 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 44 maidens | nummod |
| 44 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 concerning | obj |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 mantle | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 mantle | det |
| 47 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 mantle | amod |
| 48 | mantle | mantle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 maidens | nmod |
| 49 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 obscure | cop |
| 50 | very | very | ADV | _ | 51 obscure | advmod |
| 51 | obscure | obscure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 takes | advcl |
| 52 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 51 obscure | advmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 easy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | easy property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | see | to-infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||||
| 3 | arise | past | the story | of Pele and Poliahu | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not is | present | easy property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | understand | to-infinitive | the different forms | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer form=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | take | present | the legend | the different forms | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | ||||
| 7 | concern | gerund | the legends not said here | the other three maidens of the white mantle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus maiden=Experiencer | ||||
| 8 | is | present | the legends | indeed, obscure property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/12/9/