Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Snow-goddess, sentence 8
Their stories are nature-myths derived from the power of snow and cold to check volcanic action and sometimes clothe the mountain tops and upper slopes with white, which melted as the maidens came down closer to the sea through lands made fertile by flowing streams and blessed sunshine.
Who acts: stories, maidens · What happens: be, derive, check, clothe, melt, come down · To what, where: nature myths, power, volcanic action, mountain tops, lands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Snow-goddess. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stories, maidens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 stories | nmod:poss |
| 2 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 derived | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 myths | cop |
| 4 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 myths | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 nature | punct |
| 6 | myths | myth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 derived | nsubj |
| 7 | derived | derive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 power | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 power | det |
| 10 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 derived | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 snow | case |
| 12 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 power | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 cold | cc |
| 14 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 snow | conj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 check | mark |
| 16 | check | check | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 derived | advcl |
| 17 | volcanic | volcanic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 action | amod |
| 18 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 check | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 clothe | cc |
| 20 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 21 clothe | advmod |
| 21 | clothe | clothe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 derived | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 tops | det |
| 23 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 tops | compound |
| 24 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 clothe | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 slopes | cc |
| 26 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 slopes | amod |
| 27 | slopes | slope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 tops | conj |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 white | case |
| 29 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 clothe | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 melted | punct |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 melted | nsubj |
| 32 | melted | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 clothe | parataxis |
| 33 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 36 came | mark |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 maidens | det |
| 35 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 came | nsubj |
| 36 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 melted | advcl |
| 37 | down | down | ADV | _ | 38 closer | advmod |
| 38 | closer | close | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 36 came | advmod |
| 39 | to | to | ADP | _ | 41 sea | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 sea | det |
| 41 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 closer | obl |
| 42 | through | through | ADP | _ | 43 lands | case |
| 43 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 came | obl |
| 44 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 lands | acl |
| 45 | fertile | fertile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 made | xcomp |
| 46 | by | by | ADP | _ | 48 streams | case |
| 47 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 48 streams | amod |
| 48 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 made | obl |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 sunshine | cc |
| 50 | blessed | blessed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 sunshine | amod |
| 51 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 streams | conj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 derived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | nature myths | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | derive | past | maidens's stories | the power of snow | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from power=Material | ||||
| 3 | check | to-infinitive | maidens's stories not said here | volcanic action | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent action=Theme | ||||
| 4 | clothe | present | maidens's stories not said here | the mountain tops and upper slopes | with white; sometimes property | vn dress-41.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent top=Patient | |||
| 5 | melt | past | which nsubj | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 6 | come down | past | the maidens | lands | close property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through land=Initial_Location | |||
| 7 | make | participle | lands not said here | by flowing streams and blessed sunshine; fertile property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 8 | flow | gerund | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/12/8/