Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 58
Smoke from the volcano fell toward the sea, making dark the forest along the path to Keaau, where Hopoe dwelt.
Who acts: Smoke, Hopoe · What happens: fall, make, dwell · To what, where: sea, dark forest
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smoke, Hopoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fell | nsubj |
| 2 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 volcano | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 volcano | det |
| 4 | volcano | volcano | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Smoke | nmod |
| 5 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | toward | toward | ADP | _ | 8 sea | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sea | det |
| 8 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fell | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 making | punct |
| 10 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 fell | advcl |
| 11 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 forest | amod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 forest | det |
| 13 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 making | obj |
| 14 | along | along | ADP | _ | 16 path | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 path | det |
| 16 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 making | obl |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 Keaau | case |
| 18 | Keaau | Keaau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 path | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 dwelt | punct |
| 20 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 22 dwelt | advmod |
| 21 | Hopoe | Hopoe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 dwelt | nsubj |
| 22 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 Keaau | acl:relcl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | Smoke from the volcano | the sea | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme toward sea=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | make | gerund | Smoke from the volcano not said here | the dark forest | along the path to Keaau | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset forest=Product | |||
| 3 | dwell | past | Hopoe | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/15/58/