Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hopoe, the Dancing Stone, sentence 69
There had been many hindrances to the progress of Hiiaka and she had been slow.
Who acts: Hiiaka · What happens: have, be, progress · To what, where: many hindrances
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hopoe, the Dancing Stone. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 had | expl |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 hindrances | cop |
| 4 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 hindrances | amod |
| 5 | hindrances | hindrance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 had | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 progress | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 progress | det |
| 8 | progress | progress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Hiiaka | case |
| 10 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 progress | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 slow | cc |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 slow | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 slow | aux |
| 14 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 slow | cop |
| 15 | slow | slow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 had | conj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | there | to the progress of Hiiaka | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | is a | participle | many hindrances | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | is | past · perfect | Hiiaka | slow property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | progress | Hiiaka | nom progress «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/15/69/