Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 5
Pele was impatient and angry at the slow progress of Hiiaka and at first ordered her to hasten alone on her journey, but as she saw her patiently climbing along the rough way, she relented and gave to her supernatural power to aid in overcoming great difficulties and a magic skirt which had the power of lightning in its folds.
Who acts: Pele, Hiiaka, magic skirt · What happens: be, order, hasten, see, relent, give · To what, where: slow progress, Hiiaka, journey, patiently climbing, supernatural power, great difficulties
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, Hiiaka, magic skirt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 impatient | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 impatient | cop |
| 3 | impatient | impatient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 angry | cc |
| 5 | angry | angry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 impatient | conj |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 9 progress | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 progress | det |
| 8 | slow | slow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 progress | amod |
| 9 | progress | progress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 angry | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Hiiaka | case |
| 11 | Hiiaka | Hiiaka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 progress | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 ordered | cc |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 first | case |
| 14 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 15 ordered | obl |
| 15 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 impatient | conj |
| 16 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 ordered | obj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 hasten | mark |
| 18 | hasten | hasten | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 ordered | xcomp |
| 19 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 18 hasten | advmod |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 journey | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 journey | nmod:poss |
| 22 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 hasten | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 saw | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 saw | cc |
| 25 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 27 saw | mark |
| 26 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 saw | nsubj |
| 27 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 impatient | conj |
| 28 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 climbing | nmod:poss |
| 29 | patiently | patiently | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 climbing | amod |
| 30 | climbing | climbing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 saw | obj |
| 31 | along | along | ADP | _ | 34 way | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 way | det |
| 33 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 way | amod |
| 34 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 saw | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 relented | punct |
| 36 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 relented | nsubj |
| 37 | relented | relent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 saw | parataxis |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 gave | cc |
| 39 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 relented | conj |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 power | case |
| 41 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 power | nmod:poss |
| 42 | supernatural | supernatural | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 power | compound |
| 43 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 gave | obl |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 aid | mark |
| 45 | aid | aid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 gave | advcl |
| 46 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 47 overcoming | mark |
| 47 | overcoming | overcome | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 45 aid | advcl |
| 48 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 difficulties | amod |
| 49 | difficulties | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 overcoming | obj |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 skirt | cc |
| 51 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 skirt | det |
| 52 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 skirt | compound |
| 53 | skirt | skirt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 difficulties | conj |
| 54 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 55 had | nsubj |
| 55 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 53 skirt | acl:relcl |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 power | det |
| 57 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 had | obj |
| 58 | of | of | ADP | _ | 59 lightning | case |
| 59 | lightning | lightning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 power | nmod |
| 60 | in | in | ADP | _ | 62 folds | case |
| 61 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 62 folds | nmod:poss |
| 62 | folds | fold | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 lightning | nmod |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 impatient | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Pele | impatient property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | Pele not said here | the slow progress of Hiiaka | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | order | past | Pele not said here | Hiiaka | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent she=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | hasten not said to happen | to-infinitive | Pele not said here | Hiiaka's journey | alone property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on journey=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | see | past | Hiiaka | Hiiaka's patiently climbing | along the rough way | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer climbing=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | relent | past | Hiiaka | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | give | past | Hiiaka not said here | Hiiaka's supernatural power | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to power=Recipient | ||||
| 8 | aid | to-infinitive | Hiiaka not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | overcome | gerund | Hiiaka not said here | great difficulties and a magic skirt | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot difficulty=Theme | ||||
| 10 | have | past | a magic skirt | the power of lightning in way's folds | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient | ||||
| 11 | progress | Hiiaka | nom progress «act intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 12 | journey | Hiiaka | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 13 | climb | Hiiaka | nom climbing «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/5/