Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons, sentence 51
Then Pana-ewa took his body called the bitter rain, ua-awa, the cold freezing rain which pinches and shrivels the skin.
Who acts: Pana ewa, body, cold freezing rain · What happens: take, call, pinch, shrivel · To what, where: bitter rain, skin · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka’s Battle With Demons. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pana ewa, body, cold freezing rain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 took | advmod |
| 2 | Pana | Pana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 ewa | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Pana | punct |
| 4 | ewa | ewa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 took | nsubj |
| 5 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 body | nmod:poss |
| 7 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 called | nsubj |
| 8 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 took | ccomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 rain | det |
| 10 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rain | amod |
| 11 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 called | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 awa | punct |
| 13 | ua | ua | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 awa | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 ua | punct |
| 15 | awa | awa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 rain | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 rain | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 rain | det |
| 18 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 rain | amod |
| 19 | freezing | freezing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 rain | compound |
| 20 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 awa | appos |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 pinches | nsubj |
| 22 | pinches | pinch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 rain | acl:relcl |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 shrivels | cc |
| 24 | shrivels | shrivel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 pinches | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 skin | det |
| 26 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shrivels | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Pana ewa | then | vn require-103 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition | ||||
| 2 | call | past | voice's body | the bitter rain and ua awa | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent rain=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | pinch | present | the cold freezing rain | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | shrivel | present | the cold freezing rain not said here | the skin | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/16/51/