Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hiiaka Catching a Ghost, sentence 16
She saw the spirit of that man coming up from the beach with an ipu-holoholona (a-calabash-for-carrying fish-lines, etc.) in his hands.
Who acts: Hiiaka, man, calabash · What happens: see, come up, carry · To what, where: spirit, beach, fish lines
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hiiaka Catching a Ghost. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hiiaka, man, calabash), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 spirit | det |
| 4 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 saw | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 man | case |
| 6 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 man | det |
| 7 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spirit | nmod |
| 8 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 man | acl |
| 9 | up | up | ADV | _ | 8 coming | advmod |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 beach | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 beach | det |
| 12 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 coming | obl |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 holoholona | case |
| 14 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 holoholona | det |
| 15 | ipu | ipu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 holoholona | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 ipu | punct |
| 17 | holoholona | holoholona | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 beach | nmod |
| 18 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 21 calabash | punct |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 calabash | det |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 a | punct |
| 21 | calabash | calabash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 holoholona | appos |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 carrying | punct |
| 23 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 25 carrying | mark |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 for | punct |
| 25 | carrying | carry | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 calabash | acl:relcl |
| 26 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 lines | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 fish | punct |
| 28 | lines | line | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 carrying | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 etc. | punct |
| 30 | etc. | etc. | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 21 calabash | conj |
| 31 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 21 calabash | punct |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 hands | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 hands | nmod:poss |
| 34 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 holoholona | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Hiiaka | the spirit of that man | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spirit=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | come up | gerund | that man not said here | the beach with a ipu holoholona in man's hands | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from beach=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | carry | gerund | a calabash and etc. not said here | fish lines | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent line=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/18/16/