Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Hawaiian Islands, sentence 29
Here is still to be found what is called the largest active crater in the world, Kilauea, and the sister crater, Mokuaweoweo, from which come the most voluminous lava flows, the latest one being in May, 1916.
Who acts: sister crater, voluminous lava · What happens: be, find, call, come, flow · To what, where: largest active crater · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Islands. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sister crater, voluminous lava), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | root | root |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Here | cop |
| 3 | still | still | ADV | _ | 6 found | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 found | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 found | aux:pass |
| 6 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Here | advcl |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 9 called | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 called | aux:pass |
| 9 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 found | xcomp |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 crater | det |
| 11 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 crater | amod |
| 12 | active | active | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 crater | amod |
| 13 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 called | xcomp |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 world | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 world | det |
| 16 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 crater | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 Kilauea | punct |
| 18 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 crater | appos |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 May | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 May | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 crater | det |
| 22 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 crater | compound |
| 23 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 May | nsubj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 Mokuaweoweo | punct |
| 25 | Mokuaweoweo | Mokuaweoweo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 crater | appos |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 come | punct |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 which | case |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 come | nsubj |
| 29 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 crater | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 lava | det |
| 31 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 32 voluminous | advmod |
| 32 | voluminous | voluminous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 lava | amod |
| 33 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 flows | nsubj |
| 34 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 come | advcl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 one | punct |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 one | det |
| 37 | latest | late | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 38 one | amod |
| 38 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 May | nsubj |
| 39 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 May | cop |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 May | case |
| 41 | May | May | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Here | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 1916 | punct |
| 43 | 1916 | 1916 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 41 May | flat |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Here | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | find | to-infinitive · passive | still | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | call | present · passive | the largest active crater in the world | what nsubj:pass | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | come | present | the sister crater | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | flow | present | the voluminous lava | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | is | gerund | the sister crater | in May; the latest one nsubj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/2/29/