Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 24
Sand, ashes, and stones grew up from the pit into a very high column of fire, standing straight up.
Who acts: Sand · What happens: grow up, stand · To what, where: pit
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 grew | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 ashes | punct |
| 3 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Sand | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 grew | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 grew | cc |
| 6 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 grew | nsubj |
| 7 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 grew | compound:prt |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 pit | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 pit | det |
| 11 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 grew | obl |
| 12 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 column | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 column | det |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 high | advmod |
| 15 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 column | amod |
| 16 | column | column | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 grew | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 fire | case |
| 18 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 column | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 standing | punct |
| 20 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 grew | advcl |
| 21 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 22 up | advmod |
| 22 | up | up | ADV | _ | 20 standing | advmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 grew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow up | past | Sand and ashes | the pit | into a high column of fire result; stones nsubj | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into column=Result | |||
| 2 | stand | gerund | Sand and ashes not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/24/