Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 47
Some were lying down, and others sitting upright clasping with dying grasp their wives and children and joining noses (their form of expressing affection) as in the act of taking a final leave.
Who acts: Some, others, form, act · What happens: lie down, sit, clasp, die, join, express · To what, where: grasp, noses, affection, final leave
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, others, form, act), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 lying | nsubj |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lying | aux |
| 3 | lying | lie | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | down | down | ADV | _ | 3 lying | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sitting | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 sitting | cc |
| 7 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 sitting | nsubj |
| 8 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 lying | conj |
| 9 | upright | upright | ADV | _ | 8 sitting | advmod |
| 10 | clasping | clasp | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 sitting | advcl |
| 11 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 12 dying | mark |
| 12 | dying | die | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 clasping | advcl |
| 13 | grasp | grasp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 clasping | obj |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 wives | nmod:poss |
| 15 | wives | wife | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 grasp | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 children | cc |
| 17 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 wives | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 joining | cc |
| 19 | joining | join | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 sitting | conj |
| 20 | noses | nose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 joining | obj |
| 21 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 23 form | punct |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 form | nmod:poss |
| 23 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 noses | appos |
| 24 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 25 expressing | mark |
| 25 | expressing | express | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 form | acl |
| 26 | affection | affection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 expressing | obj |
| 27 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 23 form | punct |
| 28 | as | as | ADP | _ | 31 act | case |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 act | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 act | det |
| 31 | act | act | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 joining | obl |
| 32 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 33 taking | mark |
| 33 | taking | take | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 act | acl |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 leave | det |
| 35 | final | final | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 leave | amod |
| 36 | leave | leave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 taking | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lying | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie down | past · progressive | Some | down property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | sit | gerund | others | upright property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | clasp | gerund | others not said here | grasp and others's wives and children | vn hold-15.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grasp=Theme | ||||
| 4 | die | gerund | others not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | join | gerund | others not said here | noses | as the act | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Patient | |||
| 6 | express | gerund | others's form not said here | affection | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent affection=Theme | ||||
| 7 | take | gerund | the act not said here | a final leave | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Theme | ||||
| 8 | form | others = other | nom form «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/47/