Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 53
On their return, they found their deceased friends as they had left them, entire and exhibiting no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in their eyes; the rest of their bodies was in a state of entire preservation.
Who acts: followers, rest · What happens: find, decease, leave, exhibit, be, return · To what, where: deceased friends, return, friends, other marks, state, decay
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (followers, rest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 return | case |
| 2 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 return | nmod:poss |
| 3 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 found | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 return | punct |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 found | nsubj |
| 6 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 friends | nmod:poss |
| 8 | deceased | decease | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 friends | amod |
| 9 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 found | obj |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 left | mark |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 left | nsubj |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 left | aux |
| 13 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 found | advcl |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 left | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 entire | punct |
| 16 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 left | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 exhibiting | cc |
| 18 | exhibiting | exhibit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 entire | conj |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 21 marks | det |
| 20 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 marks | amod |
| 21 | marks | mark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 exhibiting | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 decay | case |
| 23 | decay | decay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 marks | nmod |
| 24 | than | than | ADP | _ | 27 hollowness | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 hollowness | det |
| 26 | sunken | sunken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 hollowness | amod |
| 27 | hollowness | hollowness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 decay | nmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 eyes | case |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 30 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 hollowness | nmod |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 state | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 rest | det |
| 33 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 state | nsubj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 bodies | case |
| 35 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 36 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 rest | nmod |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 state | cop |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 state | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 state | det |
| 40 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 found | obl |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 43 preservation | case |
| 42 | entire | entire | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 preservation | amod |
| 43 | preservation | preservation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 state | nmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | followers = follower | followers's deceased friends | followers's return | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Topic | |||
| 2 | decease | participle | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | leave | past · perfect | followers = follower | friends = friend | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | exhibit | gerund | followers = follower not said here | no other marks of decay than a sunken hollowness in followers's eyes | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the rest of followers's bodies | a state | of entire preservation | tree rules | |||
| 6 | return | followers = follower | nom return «communication intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | mark | decay than a sunken hollowness in followers's eyes | nom mark «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/53/