Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army, sentence 54
They were never buried, and their bones lay bleaching in the sun and rain for many years.”
Who acts: bones · What happens: not bury, lay, bleach · To what, where: followers, sun
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, The Annihilation of Keoua’s Army. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 buried | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 buried | aux:pass |
| 3 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 4 buried | advmod |
| 4 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 lay | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 lay | cc |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 bones | nmod:poss |
| 8 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 lay | nsubj |
| 9 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 buried | conj |
| 10 | bleaching | bleach | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 lay | xcomp |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 sun | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 sun | det |
| 13 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bleaching | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 rain | cc |
| 15 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sun | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 years | case |
| 17 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 years | amod |
| 18 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 bleaching | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 lay | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 buried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not bury | past · passive | followers = follower | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | lay | present | followers's bones | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | bleach | gerund | followers's bones not said here | the sun and rain | year | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/21/54/