Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Kapiolani and Pele, sentence 64
Then Kapiolani took her spelling-book, and a little book of a few printed hymns, and said: “You have pretended to deliver a message from your god, but we have not understood it.
Who acts: Kapiolani, You, we · What happens: take, print, say, pretend, deliver, not understand · To what, where: spelling book, message · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Kapiolani and Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kapiolani, You, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 took | advmod |
| 2 | Kapiolani | Kapiolani | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 took | nsubj |
| 3 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 book | nmod:poss |
| 5 | spelling | spelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 book | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 spelling | punct |
| 7 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 book | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 book | cc |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 book | det |
| 11 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 book | amod |
| 12 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 took | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 hymns | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 hymns | det |
| 15 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 hymns | amod |
| 16 | printed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 hymns | amod | |
| 17 | hymns | hymn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 book | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 said | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 said | cc |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 took | parataxis |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 pretended | punct |
| 22 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 pretended | punct |
| 23 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 25 pretended | nsubj |
| 24 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 pretended | aux |
| 25 | pretended | pretend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 said | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 deliver | mark |
| 27 | deliver | deliver | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 pretended | xcomp |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 message | det |
| 29 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 deliver | obj |
| 30 | from | from | ADP | _ | 32 god | case |
| 31 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 god | nmod:poss |
| 32 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 deliver | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 understood | punct |
| 34 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 38 understood | cc |
| 35 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 understood | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 understood | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 understood | advmod |
| 38 | understood | understand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 pretended | advcl |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 understood | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Kapiolani | Kapiolani's spelling book | then | a little book of a few printed hymns obl | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme | ||
| 2 | participle | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | pretend in a quote | present · perfect | You | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | deliver in a quote | to-infinitive | You not said here | a message | from your god | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent message=Theme from god=Initial_Location | |||
| 6 | not understand in a quote | present · perfect | we | message | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/23/64/