Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Hawaiian Volcanoes, sentence 1
Each island has its extinct craters from which extend the limited ranges of mountains and plains which make the island surface.
Who acts: island, extinct craters, plains · What happens: have, extend, make · To what, where: extinct craters, limited ranges, island surface
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Hawaiian Volcanoes. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (island, extinct craters, plains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 island | det |
| 2 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 craters | nmod:poss |
| 5 | extinct | extinct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 craters | amod |
| 6 | craters | crater | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 has | obj |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 extend | nsubj |
| 9 | extend | extend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 craters | acl:relcl |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 ranges | det |
| 11 | limited | limited | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 ranges | amod |
| 12 | ranges | range | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 extend | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 mountains | case |
| 14 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 ranges | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 plains | cc |
| 16 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 mountains | conj |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 make | nsubj |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 plains | acl:relcl |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 surface | det |
| 20 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 surface | compound |
| 21 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 make | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | each island | island's extinct craters | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crater=Patient | ||||
| 2 | extend | present | island's extinct craters | the limited ranges of mountains and plains | vn body_motion-49.2-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent range=Theme | ||||
| 3 | make | present | plains | the island surface | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset surface=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/26/1/