Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 124
They could not see any a-a breaking out on the mountain, and therefore were greatly afraid that it was very near and would destroy their lands.
Who acts: people, fire · What happens: not see, break out, be, destroy · To what, where: any, mountain, lands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 see | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 see | advmod |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 4 see | obj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 a | reparandum |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 a | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 any | conj |
| 9 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 a | acl |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 breaking | compound:prt |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 13 mountain | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 mountain | det |
| 13 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 breaking | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 afraid | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 afraid | cc |
| 16 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 19 afraid | advmod |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 afraid | cop |
| 18 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 19 afraid | advmod |
| 19 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 breaking | advcl |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 near | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 near | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 near | cop |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 near | advmod |
| 24 | near | near | ADV | _ | 19 afraid | advcl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 destroy | cc |
| 26 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 27 destroy | aux |
| 27 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 afraid | conj |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 lands | nmod:poss |
| 29 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 destroy | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not see | could | people | any | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer any=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | break out | gerund | the mountain | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on mountain=Location | |||||
| 3 | is | past | afraid, greatly, therefore property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is | past | fire | near property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | destroy | would | people's lands | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/124/