Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 18
A sudden eruption from Mauna Loa, no forewarning, a spray of red lava thrown high in the air, followed by a great stream of smoke rising up thousands of feet.
Who acts: smoke · What happens: throw, follow, rise up · To what, where: red lava, air, thousands, sudden eruption
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 eruption | det |
| 2 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 eruption | amod |
| 3 | eruption | eruption | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 Mauna | case |
| 5 | Mauna | Mauna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 eruption | nmod |
| 6 | Loa | Loa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Mauna | flat |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 forewarning | punct |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 forewarning | det |
| 9 | forewarning | forewarning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 eruption | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 spray | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 spray | det |
| 12 | spray | spray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 forewarning | conj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 lava | case |
| 14 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 lava | amod |
| 15 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 spray | nmod |
| 16 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 lava | acl |
| 17 | high | high | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 thrown | advmod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 air | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 air | det |
| 20 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 thrown | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 followed | punct |
| 22 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 eruption | conj |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 stream | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 stream | det |
| 25 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 stream | amod |
| 26 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 followed | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 smoke | case |
| 28 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 stream | nmod |
| 29 | rising | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 smoke | acl |
| 30 | up | up | ADP | _ | 29 rising | compound:prt |
| 31 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 rising | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 feet | case |
| 33 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 thousands | nmod |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 eruption | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | throw | participle | red lava not said here | the air | high property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in air=Destination | |||
| 2 | follow | participle | by a great stream of smoke | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by stream=Location | |||||
| 3 | rise up | gerund | smoke not said here | thousands of feet | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location thousand=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/18/