Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 57
The area below us was over two miles long and a mile and a half wide with precipitous sides and a broad second shelf about 300 feet below the one we occupied with a fire fountain three-quarters of a mile away.
Who acts: area, we · What happens: be, occupy · To what, where: one
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (area, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 area | det |
| 2 | area | area | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 long | nsubj |
| 3 | below | below | ADP | _ | 4 us | case |
| 4 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 area | nmod |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 long | cop |
| 6 | over | over | ADV | _ | 7 two | advmod |
| 7 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 miles | nummod |
| 8 | miles | mile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 long | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 mile | cc |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 mile | det |
| 12 | mile | mile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 long | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 half | cc |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 half | det |
| 15 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 12 mile | conj |
| 16 | wide | wide | ADV | _ | 15 half | advmod |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 sides | case |
| 18 | precipitous | precipitous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 sides | amod |
| 19 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 mile | nmod |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 shelf | cc |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 shelf | det |
| 22 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 shelf | amod |
| 23 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 24 shelf | amod |
| 24 | shelf | shelf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 long | conj |
| 25 | about | about | ADV | _ | 26 300 | advmod |
| 26 | 300 | 300 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 27 feet | nummod |
| 27 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 shelf | conj |
| 28 | below | below | ADP | _ | 30 one | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 one | det |
| 30 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shelf | nmod |
| 31 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 32 occupied | nsubj |
| 32 | occupied | occupy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 one | acl:relcl |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 fountain | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 fountain | det |
| 35 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 fountain | compound |
| 36 | fountain | fountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 occupied | obl |
| 37 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 39 quarters | nummod |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 three | punct |
| 39 | quarters | quarter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 fountain | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 mile | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 mile | det |
| 42 | mile | mile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 quarters | nmod |
| 43 | away | away | ADV | _ | 39 quarters | advmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 long | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the area below us | two miles obl:unmarked; a mile with precipitous sides and a half conj; a broad second shelf below the one and 300 feet conj; long property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | occupy | past | we | the one not said here | with a fire fountain three quarters of a mile | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus one=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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