Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Volcanic Activity, sentence 58
On the way up the mountain there was a fearful internal throbbing and rumbling, rocks and masses of soil were dislodged, the earth reeled, then rocked again with such violence that I felt as if the horse and myself had gone over.”
Who acts: earth, I, myself · What happens: rumble, dislodge, reel, rock, feel, go over · To what, where: fearful internal throbbing, way, such violence
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Volcanic Activity. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, I, myself), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 3 way | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 way | det |
| 3 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 dislodged | obl |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 mountain | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 mountain | det |
| 6 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 way | nmod |
| 7 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 was | expl |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 mountain | acl:relcl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 throbbing | det |
| 10 | fearful | fearful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 throbbing | amod |
| 11 | internal | internal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 throbbing | amod |
| 12 | throbbing | throbbing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 dislodged | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 rumbling | cc |
| 14 | rumbling | rumble | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 throbbing | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 rocks | punct |
| 16 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 dislodged | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 masses | cc |
| 18 | masses | mass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 rocks | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 soil | case |
| 20 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 masses | nmod |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 dislodged | aux:pass |
| 22 | dislodged | dislodge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 reeled | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 earth | det |
| 25 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 reeled | nsubj |
| 26 | reeled | reel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 dislodged | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 rocked | punct |
| 28 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 rocked | advmod |
| 29 | rocked | rock | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 dislodged | parataxis |
| 30 | again | again | ADV | _ | 29 rocked | advmod |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 violence | case |
| 32 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 violence | amod |
| 33 | violence | violence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rocked | obl |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 felt | obj |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 felt | nsubj |
| 36 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 violence | acl:relcl |
| 37 | as | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 40 horse | case |
| 38 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 37 as | fixed |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 horse | det |
| 40 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 felt | obl |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 gone | cc |
| 42 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 44 gone | nsubj |
| 43 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 gone | aux |
| 44 | gone | go | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 rocked | conj |
| 45 | over | over | ADV | _ | 44 gone | advmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 dislodged | punct |
| 47 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 dislodged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rumble | gerund | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | dislodge | past · passive | a fearful internal throbbing | the way up the mountain | rocks and masses of soil nsubj:pass | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||
| 3 | reel | participle | the earth | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | rock | past | then; again | with such violence | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | feel | past | I | such violence | as the horse | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | |||
| 6 | go over | past · perfect | myself | over property | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/27/58/