Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Changes in Kilauea Crater, sentence 21
When the crater was “boiling up, overflowing its banks, and inundating the adjacent territory,” as the natives said, it poured out lava which became solid rock.
Who acts: crater, natives, lava · What happens: boil up, overflow, inundate, say, pour out, become · To what, where: banks, adjacent territory, lava, solid rock · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Changes in Kilauea Crater. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crater, natives, lava), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 6 boiling | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 crater | det |
| 3 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 boiling | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 boiling | aux |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 boiling | punct |
| 6 | boiling | boil | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 said | advcl |
| 7 | up | up | ADP | _ | 6 boiling | compound:prt |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 overflowing | punct |
| 9 | overflowing | overflow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 boiling | conj |
| 10 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 banks | nmod:poss |
| 11 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 overflowing | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 inundating | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 inundating | cc |
| 14 | inundating | inundate | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 boiling | conj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 territory | det |
| 16 | adjacent | adjacent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 territory | amod |
| 17 | territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 inundating | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 boiling | punct |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 boiling | punct |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 23 said | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 natives | det |
| 22 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 said | nsubj |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 poured | punct |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 poured | nsubj |
| 26 | poured | pour | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 said | ccomp |
| 27 | out | out | ADP | _ | 26 poured | compound:prt |
| 28 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 poured | obj |
| 29 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 became | nsubj |
| 30 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 lava | acl:relcl |
| 31 | solid | solid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 rock | amod |
| 32 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 became | xcomp |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 23 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | boil up in a quote | past · progressive | the crater | vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | overflow in a quote | gerund | the crater not said here | crater's banks | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | inundate in a quote | gerund | the crater not said here | the adjacent territory | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme territory=Destination | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | the natives | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | pour out | past | crater | lava | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lava=Patient | ||||
| 6 | become | past | lava | solid rock | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/28/21/