Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Foundation of the Observatory, sentence 57
Professor Daly spent the summer in the Hawaiian Islands, making careful study of Kilauea and the result of his work has since been published in vol. 47, no. 3, of the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences under the title, “The Nature of Volcanic Action.”
Who acts: Professor, Kilauea · What happens: spend, make, publish, study, result, work · To what, where: Hawaiian Islands, careful study, result, vol., Kilauea, work
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Foundation of the Observatory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Professor, Kilauea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Professor | Professor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 spent | nsubj |
| 2 | Daly | Daly | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Professor | flat |
| 3 | spent | spend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 summer | det |
| 5 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 spent | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 Islands | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Islands | det |
| 8 | Hawaiian | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Islands | compound |
| 9 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 3 spent | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 making | punct |
| 11 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 spent | advcl |
| 12 | careful | careful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 study | amod |
| 13 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 making | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 Kilauea | case |
| 15 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 study | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 published | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 result | det |
| 18 | result | result | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 published | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 work | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 work | nmod:poss |
| 21 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 result | nmod |
| 22 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 published | aux |
| 23 | since | since | ADV | _ | 25 published | advmod |
| 24 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 published | aux:pass |
| 25 | published | publish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 spent | conj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 vol. | case |
| 27 | vol. | vol. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 published | obl |
| 28 | 47 | 47 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 27 vol. | flat |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 no. | punct |
| 30 | no. | no. | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Sing | 27 vol. | appos |
| 31 | 3 | 3 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 30 no. | flat |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Proceedings | punct |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Proceedings | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Proceedings | det |
| 35 | Proceedings | Proceedings | PROPN | Number=Plur | 25 published | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 Academy | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Academy | det |
| 38 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 Academy | amod |
| 39 | Academy | Academy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Proceedings | nmod |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 Arts | case |
| 41 | Arts | Art | PROPN | Number=Plur | 39 Academy | nmod |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 Sciences | cc |
| 43 | Sciences | Science | PROPN | Number=Plur | 39 Academy | nmod |
| 44 | under | under | ADP | _ | 46 title | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 title | det |
| 46 | title | title | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 Sciences | nmod |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 Action | punct |
| 48 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 53 Action | punct |
| 49 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 Nature | det |
| 50 | Nature | Nature | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 Action | compound |
| 51 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 Volcanic | case |
| 52 | Volcanic | Volcanic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 50 Nature | nmod |
| 53 | Action | Action | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Proceedings | appos |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 53 Action | punct |
| 55 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 spent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spend | past | Professor | the Hawaiian Islands | summer | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | make | gerund | Professor not said here | careful study of Kilauea | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset study=Product | ||||
| 3 | publish | present · perfect · passive | the result of Kilauea's work | vol. | the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts Sciences under the title obj; since property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | study | Kilauea | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 5 | result | Kilauea's work | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 6 | work | Kilauea | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/29/57/