Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Foundation of the Observatory, sentence 58
Both of these expeditions were at private expense.
Who acts: Both · What happens: be · To what, where: private expense
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Foundation of the Observatory. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Both), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 expense | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 expeditions | case |
| 3 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 expeditions | det |
| 4 | expeditions | expedition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Both | nmod |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 expense | cop |
| 6 | at | at | ADP | _ | 8 expense | case |
| 7 | private | private | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 expense | amod |
| 8 | expense | expense | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 expense | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Both of this expeditions | private expense | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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