Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Polynesian Language, sentence 28
Baron William von Humboldt, the distinguished statesman and scholar, showed that the Tagala, the leading language of the Philippine Islands, is by far the richest and most perfect of these languages.
Who acts: Baron, Tagala · What happens: show, lead, be · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Polynesian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Baron, Tagala), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Baron | Baron | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 showed | nsubj |
| 2 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Baron | flat |
| 3 | von | von | PROPN | _ | 1 Baron | flat |
| 4 | Humboldt | Humboldt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Baron | flat |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 statesman | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 statesman | det |
| 7 | distinguished | distinguished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 statesman | amod |
| 8 | statesman | statesman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Baron | appos |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 scholar | cc |
| 10 | scholar | scholar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 statesman | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Baron | punct |
| 12 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 richest | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Tagala | det |
| 15 | Tagala | Tagala | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 richest | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 language | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 language | det |
| 18 | leading | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 language | amod |
| 19 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 Tagala | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 Islands | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 Islands | det |
| 22 | Philippine | philippine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 Islands | amod |
| 23 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 19 language | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Tagala | punct |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 richest | cop |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 far | case |
| 27 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 29 richest | obl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 richest | det |
| 29 | richest | rich | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 12 showed | ccomp |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 perfect | cc |
| 31 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 32 perfect | amod |
| 32 | perfect | perfect | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 richest | conj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 languages | case |
| 34 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 35 languages | det |
| 35 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 perfect | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 showed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | Baron | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | lead | gerund | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | ||||||
| 3 | is | present | the Tagala | rich property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | the Tagala not said here | of this languages | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/31/28/