Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Polynesian Language, sentence 38

[1] Hale-a-ka-la must be classed as an active volcano from evidences of prehistoric fires although long extinct, but the author gives these stories in another book, “Legends of Maui.”

Who acts: author · What happens: class, give, evidence · To what, where: Hale, stories, book, prehistoric fires

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Polynesian Language. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (author), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	[	[	PUNCT	_	2 1	punct
2	1	1	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 classed	discourse
3	]	]	PUNCT	_	2 1	punct
4	Hale	hale	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 classed	nsubj:pass
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 a	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 la	det
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 a	punct
8	ka	ka	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 la	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 ka	punct
10	la	la	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 classed	nsubj:pass
11	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 classed	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 classed	aux:pass
13	classed	class	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
14	as	as	ADP	_	17 volcano	case
15	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 volcano	det
16	active	active	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 volcano	amod
17	volcano	volcano	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 classed	obl
18	from	from	ADP	_	19 evidences	case
19	evidences	evidence	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 volcano	nmod
20	of	of	ADP	_	22 fires	case
21	prehistoric	prehistoric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 fires	amod
22	fires	fire	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 evidences	nmod
23	although	although	SCONJ	_	25 extinct	mark
24	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 extinct	amod
25	extinct	extinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 fires	acl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	30 gives	punct
27	but	but	CCONJ	_	30 gives	cc
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 author	det
29	author	author	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 gives	nsubj
30	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 classed	conj
31	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	32 stories	det
32	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 gives	obj
33	in	in	ADP	_	35 book	case
34	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	35 book	det
35	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 stories	nmod
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 Legends	punct
37	“	"	PUNCT	_	38 Legends	punct
38	Legends	legend	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 gives	obl
39	of	of	ADP	_	40 Maui	case
40	Maui	Maui	PROPN	Number=Sing	38 Legends	nmod
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 classed	punct
42	”	"	PUNCT	_	13 classed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	class	must · passive		Hale		as a active volcano from evidences of prehistoric fires goal; 1 discourse; a ka la nsubj:pass	vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme as volcano=Goal
2	give	present	the author	this stories	another book	Legends of Maui obl	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme
3	evidence			prehistoric fires			nom evidence «cognition transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/31/38/

🌲 Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Polynesian Language, sentence 38

The tree

Pragmatics

Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Polynesian Language, sentence 38