Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 48
The Hawaiians, it is safe to say, had no idea of reading nature-thoughts into these expressions, thus making them “nature-myths.”
Who acts: it, Hawaiians, idea · What happens: be, say, have, read, make · To what, where: idea, nature thoughts, expressions, Hawaiians · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Hawaiians, idea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Hawaiians | det |
| 2 | Hawaiians | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 10 had | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 safe | punct |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 safe | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 safe | cop |
| 6 | safe | safe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Hawaiians | conj |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 say | mark |
| 8 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 safe | xcomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Hawaiians | punct |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 12 idea | det |
| 12 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obj |
| 13 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 14 reading | mark |
| 14 | reading | read | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 idea | acl |
| 15 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 thoughts | compound |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 nature | punct |
| 17 | thoughts | thought | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 reading | obj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 expressions | case |
| 19 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 20 expressions | det |
| 20 | expressions | expression | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 reading | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 making | punct |
| 22 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 23 making | advmod |
| 23 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 reading | conj |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 making | obj |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 myths | punct |
| 26 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 myths | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 nature | punct |
| 28 | myths | myth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 making | conj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
| 30 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | it | safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | have | past | the Hawaiians | no idea | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent idea=Patient | ||||
| 4 | read | gerund | no idea not said here | nature thoughts | this expressions | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thought=Topic | |||
| 5 | make | gerund | no idea not said here | Hawaiians = hawaiian | nature myths conj; thus property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/5/48/