Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), How Pele Came to Hawaii, sentence 62
Na-maka-o-ka-hai fought the whole family and defeated them.
Who acts: Na · What happens: fight, defeat · To what, where: whole family, ka
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, How Pele Came to Hawaii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Na), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Na | Na | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 fought | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Na | punct |
| 3 | maka | maka | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 Na | flat |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ka | punct |
| 5 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 7 ka | case |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 o | punct |
| 7 | ka | ka | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Na | appos |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 hai | punct |
| 9 | hai | Hai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Na | conj |
| 10 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 family | det |
| 12 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 family | amod |
| 13 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 fought | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 defeated | cc |
| 15 | defeated | defeat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 fought | conj |
| 16 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 defeated | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | Na and hai | the whole family | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | defeat | past | Na and hai not said here | ka | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/5/62/