Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 12

Down it forced its way, sometimes cooling in great stone masses, crunching and crushing against each other, sometimes a rough mass of cinders resting upon a moving bed of fire and sometimes a swiftly moving liquid stream pushing from under a cooling surface and continually pressing downward toward the sea.

Who acts: lava, cooling, cinders, moving liquid stream · What happens: force, cool, mass, crunch, crush, rest · To what, where: way, great stone, rough mass, moving bed, sea

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lava, cooling, cinders, moving liquid stream), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Down	down	ADV	_	3 forced	advmod
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 forced	nsubj
3	forced	force	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 way	nmod:poss
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 forced	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 masses	punct
7	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	12 masses	advmod
8	cooling	cool	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	12 masses	csubj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 stone	case
10	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 stone	amod
11	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 cooling	obl
12	masses	mass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 forced	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 crunching	punct
14	crunching	crunch	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 masses	advcl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 crushing	cc
16	crushing	crush	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 crunching	conj
17	against	against	ADP	_	18 each	case
18	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	16 crushing	obl
19	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 each	fixed
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 mass	punct
21	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	24 mass	advmod
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 mass	det
23	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	24 mass	amod
24	mass	mass	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 crunching	obl
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 cinders	case
26	cinders	cinder	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 mass	nmod
27	resting	rest	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	26 cinders	acl
28	upon	upon	ADP	_	31 bed	case
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 bed	det
30	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	31 bed	amod
31	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 resting	obl
32	of	of	ADP	_	33 fire	case
33	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 bed	nmod
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 stream	cc
35	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	40 stream	advmod
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	40 stream	det
37	swiftly	swiftly	ADV	_	38 moving	advmod
38	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	40 stream	amod
39	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 stream	amod
40	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 mass	conj
41	pushing	push	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	40 stream	acl
42	from	from	ADP	_	46 surface	case
43	under	under	ADP	_	46 surface	case
44	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 surface	det
45	cooling	cooling	NOUN	Number=Sing	46 surface	compound
46	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 pushing	obl
47	and	and	CCONJ	_	49 pressing	cc
48	continually	continually	ADV	_	49 pressing	advmod
49	pressing	press	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	41 pushing	conj
50	downward	downward	ADV	_	49 pressing	advmod
51	toward	toward	ADP	_	53 sea	case
52	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 sea	det
53	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	49 pressing	obl
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 forced	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	force	past	lava	lava's way		down property	vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Recipient
2	cool	gerund			great stone		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	mass	present	cooling			sometimes property	vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	crunch	gerund	cooling not said here	a rough mass of cinders and a moving liquid stream			vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
5	crush	gerund	cooling not said here			against each	vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
6	rest	gerund	cinders not said here		a moving bed of fire		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon bed=Location
7	move	gerund					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
8	move	gerund				swiftly property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
9	push	gerund	a moving liquid stream not said here			from a cooling surface	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from surface=Co-Patient
10	press	gerund	a moving liquid stream not said here		the sea	continually, downward property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent toward sea=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/7/12/

🌲 Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 12

The tree

Pragmatics

Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 12