Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 19
In the summer of 1905 two friends journeyed across the desolate country which has been made more desolate by the eruption of 1907.
Who acts: two friends, desolate country · What happens: journey, desolate, make · To what, where: desolate country
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two friends, desolate country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 summer | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 summer | det |
| 3 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 journeyed | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 1905 | case |
| 5 | 1905 | 1905 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 journeyed | obl |
| 6 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 friends | nummod |
| 7 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 journeyed | nsubj |
| 8 | journeyed | journey | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | across | across | ADP | _ | 12 country | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 country | det |
| 11 | desolate | desolate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 country | compound |
| 12 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 journeyed | obl |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 made | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 made | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 made | aux:pass |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 country | acl:relcl |
| 17 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 18 desolate | advmod |
| 18 | desolate | desolate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 made | xcomp |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 eruption | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 eruption | det |
| 21 | eruption | eruption | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 desolate | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 1907 | case |
| 23 | 1907 | 1907 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 eruption | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 journeyed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | journey | past | two friends | the desolate country | summer | of 1905 | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of 1905=Trajectory | ||
| 2 | desolate | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | make | present · perfect · passive | the desolate country | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | desolate | infinitive | the desolate country not said here | by the eruption of 1907 | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/7/19/