Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Na Puu O Pele, sentence 20
Wearied by the hours passed in travelling over lava sharp as broken glass these friends found a grass-covered resting-place and there waited for their fatigue to pass away.
Who acts: Wearied hours, friends · What happens: weary, pass, find, cover, wait, pass away · To what, where: travelling, covered resting place
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Na Puu O Pele. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wearied hours, friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wearied | weary | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 hours | amod |
| 2 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 hours | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hours | det |
| 4 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 passed | nsubj |
| 5 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 travelling | case |
| 7 | travelling | travelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passed | obl |
| 8 | over | over | ADP | _ | 9 lava | case |
| 9 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passed | obl |
| 10 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 passed | parataxis |
| 11 | as | as | ADP | _ | 13 glass | case |
| 12 | broken | broken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 glass | amod |
| 13 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 passed | obl |
| 14 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 15 friends | det |
| 15 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 found | nsubj |
| 16 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 passed | parataxis |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 place | det |
| 18 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 covered | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 grass | punct |
| 20 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 place | amod |
| 21 | resting | resting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 place | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 resting | punct |
| 23 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 found | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 waited | cc |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 waited | advmod |
| 26 | waited | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 found | conj |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 fatigue | case |
| 28 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 fatigue | nmod:poss |
| 29 | fatigue | fatigue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 waited | obl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 pass | mark |
| 31 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 waited | advcl |
| 32 | away | away | ADV | _ | 31 pass | advmod |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 passed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | weary | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | pass | past | the Wearied hours | travelling | over lava; as broken glass | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in travelling=Location | |||
| 3 | find | past | this friends | a covered resting place | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Topic | ||||
| 4 | cover | participle | grass compound | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | wait | past | this friends not said here | there | for friends's fatigue | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | pass away | to-infinitive | this friends not said here | away property | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | fatigue | friends = friend | nom fatigue «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/7/20/