The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Opening, sentence 9

“THEN THEY WENT SEAWARD” Frontispiece “HE SAW A BALD-HEADED EAGLE” Facing p. 8 “THE BIRD CAME DOWN” 10 “FIVE TIMES HE CIRCLED AROUND THEM” 12 “THERE WAS NO BOY THERE, ONLY A PILE OF BONES” 38 “ONLY BONES LAY THERE” 40 “ITS HEAD WAS SO HEAVY THAT IT THREW IT DOWN” 42 THE STICK GAME 50 SWINGING THE GIRL TO CALL THE BUFFALO 52 COYOTE HOLDS A COUNCIL OF WAR 54 “‘I CAN TELL WHICH STICK IS THE NEARER’” 58 “SNORTED ‘WHOOF,’ AND BLEW RED DUST FROM HIS NOSTRILS” 92 “THEY COULD NOT HURT HIM” 100 THE CONFERENCE IN THE LODGE 106 “SU-YE-SAI-PI CLUNG TO HIM” 226 “‘OH, LITTLE WOLF,’ SHE CRIED” 230

Who acts: STORIES, ix, HEADED EAGLE, BIRD, 12, BONES · What happens: go, see, head, face, come down, circle · To what, where: WENT Frontispiece, p., 10, BOY, BIRD, GIRL · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (STORIES, ix, HEADED EAGLE, BIRD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	4 WENT	punct
2	THEN	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 WENT	advmod
3	THEY	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 WENT	nsubj
4	WENT	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 Frontispiece	compound
5	SEAWARD	SEAWARD	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 WENT	flat
6	”	"	PUNCT	_	4 WENT	punct
7	Frontispiece	frontispiece	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 SAW	nmod:desc
8	“	"	PUNCT	_	10 SAW	punct
9	HE	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 SAW	nsubj
10	SAW	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 EAGLE	det
12	BALD	bald	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 HEADED	compound
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	12 BALD	punct
14	HEADED	head	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 EAGLE	amod
15	EAGLE	eagle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 SAW	obj
16	”	"	PUNCT	_	15 EAGLE	punct
17	Facing	face	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	15 EAGLE	acl
18	p.	P.	PROPN	Number=Sing	17 Facing	obj
19	8	8	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	18 p.	flat
20	“	"	PUNCT	_	23 CAME	punct
21	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 BIRD	det
22	BIRD	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 CAME	nsubj
23	CAME	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 Facing	conj
24	DOWN	down	ADV	_	23 CAME	advmod
25	”	"	PUNCT	_	23 CAME	punct
26	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	31 CIRCLED	obl
27	“	"	PUNCT	_	31 CIRCLED	punct
28	FIVE	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	29 TIMES	nummod
29	TIMES	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 CIRCLED	obl:unmarked
30	HE	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 CIRCLED	nsubj
31	CIRCLED	circle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 CAME	parataxis
32	AROUND	around	ADP	_	33 THEM	case
33	THEM	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 CIRCLED	obl
34	”	"	PUNCT	_	31 CIRCLED	punct
35	12	12	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	40 BOY	nsubj
36	“	"	PUNCT	_	38 WAS	punct
37	THERE	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	38 WAS	expl
38	WAS	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	40 BOY	cop
39	NO	no	DET	PronType=Neg	40 BOY	det
40	BOY	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 CIRCLED	parataxis
41	THERE	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	40 BOY	advmod
42	,	,	PUNCT	_	45 PILE	punct
43	ONLY	only	ADV	_	45 PILE	advmod
44	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	45 PILE	det
45	PILE	pile	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 BOY	conj
46	OF	of	ADP	_	47 BONES	case
47	BONES	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	45 PILE	nmod
48	”	"	PUNCT	_	45 PILE	punct
49	38	38	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	45 PILE	nmod
50	“	"	PUNCT	_	53 LAY	punct
51	ONLY	only	ADV	_	52 BONES	advmod
52	BONES	Bones	PROPN	Number=Plur	53 LAY	nsubj
53	LAY	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	49 38	parataxis
54	THERE	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	53 LAY	advmod
55	”	"	PUNCT	_	53 LAY	punct
56	40	40	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	69 42	compound
57	“	"	PUNCT	_	62 HEAVY	punct
58	ITS	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	59 HEAD	nmod:poss
59	HEAD	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 HEAVY	nsubj
60	WAS	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	62 HEAVY	cop
61	SO	so	ADV	_	62 HEAVY	advmod
62	HEAVY	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	56 40	parataxis
63	THAT	that	SCONJ	_	65 THREW	mark
64	IT	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	65 THREW	nsubj
65	THREW	throw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	62 HEAVY	advcl
66	IT	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	65 THREW	obj
67	DOWN	down	ADP	_	65 THREW	compound:prt
68	”	"	PUNCT	_	62 HEAVY	punct
69	42	42	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	83 HOLDS	obl
70	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	72 GAME	det
71	STICK	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	72 GAME	compound
72	GAME	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	83 HOLDS	nsubj
73	50	50	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	72 GAME	flat
74	SWINGING	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	72 GAME	acl
75	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	76 GIRL	det
76	GIRL	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	74 SWINGING	obj
77	TO	to	PART	_	78 CALL	mark
78	CALL	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	74 SWINGING	advcl
79	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	80 BUFFALO	det
80	BUFFALO	buffalo	NOUN	Number=Sing	78 CALL	obj
81	52	52	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	82 COYOTE	nummod
82	COYOTE	coyote	NOUN	Number=Sing	78 CALL	xcomp
83	HOLDS	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	53 LAY	parataxis
84	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	85 COUNCIL	det
85	COUNCIL	council	NOUN	Number=Sing	83 HOLDS	obj
86	OF	of	ADP	_	87 WAR	case
87	WAR	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	85 COUNCIL	nmod
88	54	54	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	87 WAR	flat
89	“	"	PUNCT	_	93 TELL	punct
90	‘	'	PUNCT	_	93 TELL	punct
91	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	93 TELL	nsubj
92	CAN	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	93 TELL	aux
93	TELL	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	83 HOLDS	conj
94	WHICH	which	DET	PronType=Int	95 STICK	det
95	STICK	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	99 ’	nsubj
96	IS	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	99 ’	cop
97	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	99 ’	det
98	NEARER	near	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	99 ’	amod
99	’	'	NOUN	Number=Sing	93 TELL	ccomp
100	”	"	PUNCT	_	99 ’	punct
101	58	58	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	93 TELL	obj
102	“	"	PUNCT	_	103 SNORTED	punct
103	SNORTED	snort	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	93 TELL	ccomp
104	‘	'	PUNCT	_	105 WHOOF	punct
105	WHOOF	whoof	NOUN	Number=Sing	103 SNORTED	obj
106	,	,	PUNCT	_	83 HOLDS	punct
107	’	'	PUNCT	_	83 HOLDS	punct
108	AND	and	CCONJ	_	109 BLEW	cc
109	BLEW	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	53 LAY	conj
110	RED	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	111 DUST	amod
111	DUST	dust	NOUN	Number=Sing	109 BLEW	obj
112	FROM	from	ADP	_	114 NOSTRILS	case
113	HIS	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	114 NOSTRILS	nmod:poss
114	NOSTRILS	nostril	NOUN	Number=Plur	109 BLEW	obl
115	”	"	PUNCT	_	40 BOY	punct
116	92	92	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	124 100	nsubj
117	“	"	PUNCT	_	121 HURT	punct
118	THEY	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	121 HURT	nsubj
119	COULD	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	121 HURT	aux
120	NOT	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	121 HURT	advmod
121	HURT	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	124 100	parataxis
122	HIM	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	121 HURT	obj
123	”	"	PUNCT	_	121 HURT	punct
124	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	31 CIRCLED	obl
125	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	126 CONFERENCE	det
126	CONFERENCE	conference	NOUN	Number=Sing	124 100	nmod:unmarked
127	IN	in	ADP	_	129 LODGE	case
128	THE	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	129 LODGE	det
129	LODGE	lodge	NOUN	Number=Sing	126 CONFERENCE	nmod
130	106	106	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	129 LODGE	flat
131	“	"	PUNCT	_	139 CLUNG	punct
132	SU	SU	PROPN	Number=Sing	139 CLUNG	nsubj
133	-	-	PUNCT	_	139 CLUNG	punct
134	YE	ye	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch	139 CLUNG	nsubj
135	-	-	PUNCT	_	136 SAI	punct
136	SAI	SAI	PROPN	Number=Sing	139 CLUNG	compound
137	-	-	PUNCT	_	138 PI	punct
138	PI	PI	PROPN	Number=Sing	136 SAI	conj
139	CLUNG	CLUNG	PROPN	Number=Sing	126 CONFERENCE	appos
140	TO	to	ADP	_	141 HIM	case
141	HIM	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	139 CLUNG	nmod
142	”	"	PUNCT	_	139 CLUNG	punct
143	226	226	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	126 CONFERENCE	list
144	“	"	PUNCT	_	153 CRIED	punct
145	‘	'	PUNCT	_	149 WOLF	punct
146	OH	oh	INTJ	_	149 WOLF	discourse
147	,	,	PUNCT	_	146 OH	punct
148	LITTLE	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	149 WOLF	amod
149	WOLF	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	153 CRIED	obl
150	,	,	PUNCT	_	153 CRIED	punct
151	’	'	CCONJ	_	153 CRIED	cc
152	SHE	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	153 CRIED	nsubj
153	CRIED	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	143 226	parataxis
154	”	"	PUNCT	_	153 CRIED	punct
155	230	230	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	143 226	conj

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go in a quote	past	STORIES = story				then	SEAWARD flat	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	see in a quote	past	ix	WENT Frontispiece				a HEADED EAGLE obj	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eagle=Stimulus
3	head in a quote	participle							vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	face	gerund	a HEADED EAGLE not said here		p.				vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme p.=Destination
5	come down in a quote	past	the BIRD					down property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	circle in a quote	past	ix	10			time	around STORIES = story; 100 the CONFERENCE in the LODGE obl	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
7	is a in a quote	past	12	no BOY and a PILE of BONES 38		there		a PILE of BONES 38 conj	tree rules
8	lie in a quote	past	BONES			there			tree rules
9	is in a quote	past	BIRD's HEAD					heavy property	tree rules
10	throw down in a quote	past	Head	BIRD					vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
11	swing	gerund	the STICK GAME not said here	the GIRL					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme girl=Result
12	call speech: assert	to-infinitive	the BUFFALO	52 COYOTE					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
13	hold	present	the STICK GAME	40 42				a COUNCIL of WAR obj	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent council=Theme
14	tell speech: assert in a quote	can	the BUFFALO = buffalo	58					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent 58=Recipient clause=Topic
15	is a in a quote	present	which STICK	the NEARER ’					tree rules
16	snort in a quote	participle		WHOOF					vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whoof=Patient
17	blow in a quote	past	BONES not said here	RED DUST				from ix's NOSTRILS	vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent dust=Patient from nostril=Co-Patient
18	not hurt in a quote	could	BONES	ix					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Patient
19	cry speech: express in a quote	past	GAME	LITTLE WOLF					vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Opening, sentence 9

The tree

Pragmatics

The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Opening, sentence 9