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The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Stories and the Story-tellers, sentence 1

The stories in this book deal with peoples of widely different surroundings and habit—some with dwellers on the sea-shore, whose skies are often obscured by rain and fog, who draw their living from the sea, and are at home on the water; and others with inhabitants of the high plains, where the air is pure and dry, and the summer sun is rarely hidden by clouds.

Who acts: rain, air, clouds, skies · What happens: obscure, draw, be, hide, live · To what, where: skies, living, sea, home, summer sun, others

This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Stories and the Story-tellers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rain, air, clouds, skies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

detnsubjcasedetcompoundnmodcasenmodcaseadvmodamodnmodccconjpunctconjcasenmodcasedetcompoundpunctnmodpunctnmod:possnsubj:passaux:passadvmodacl:relclcaseoblccconjpunctnsubjparataxisnmod:possobjcasedetoblpunctcccopcaseconjcasedetnmodpunctcccasenmodcasedetamodnmodpunctadvmoddetnsubjcopparataxisccconjpunctccdetcompoundnsubj:passaux:passadvmodaclcaseoblpunctrootTheDETstoriesNOUNinADPthisDETbookNOUNdealNOUNwithADPpeoplesNOUNofADPwidelyADVdifferentADJsurroundingsNOUNandCCONJhabitNOUN—PUNCTsomeDETwithADPdwellersNOUNonADPtheDETseaNOUN-PUNCTshoreNOUN,PUNCTwhosePRONskiesNOUNareAUXoftenADVobscuredVERBbyADPrainNOUNandCCONJfogNOUN,PUNCTwhoPRONdrawVERBtheirPRONlivingNOUNfromADPtheDETseaNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJareAUXatADPhomeNOUNonADPtheDETwaterNOUN;PUNCTandCCONJothersNOUNwithADPinhabitantsNOUNofADPtheDEThighADJplainsNOUN,PUNCTwhereADVtheDETairNOUNisAUXpureADJandCCONJdryADJ,PUNCTandCCONJtheDETsummerNOUNsunNOUNisAUXrarelyADVhiddenVERBbyADPcloudsNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art2 storiesdet
2storiesstoryNOUNNumber=Plur52 othersnsubj
3ininADP_6 dealcase
4thisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem6 dealdet
5bookbookNOUNNumber=Sing6 dealcompound
6dealdealNOUNNumber=Sing2 storiesnmod
7withwithADP_8 peoplescase
8peoplespeopleNOUNNumber=Plur6 dealnmod
9ofofADP_12 surroundingscase
10widelywidelyADV_11 differentadvmod
11differentdifferentADJDegree=Pos12 surroundingsamod
12surroundingssurroundingsNOUNNumber=Ptan8 peoplesnmod
13andandCCONJ_14 habitcc
14habithabitNOUNNumber=Sing12 surroundingsconj
15—-PUNCT_16 somepunct
16somesomeDETPronType=Ind2 storiesconj
17withwithADP_18 dwellerscase
18dwellersdwellerNOUNNumber=Plur16 somenmod
19ononADP_23 shorecase
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art23 shoredet
21seaseaNOUNNumber=Sing23 shorecompound
22--PUNCT_21 seapunct
23shoreshoreNOUNNumber=Sing18 dwellersnmod
24,,PUNCT_29 obscuredpunct
25whosewhosePRONPoss=Yes PronType=Rel26 skiesnmod:poss
26skiesskyNOUNNumber=Plur29 obscurednsubj:pass
27arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin29 obscuredaux:pass
28oftenoftenADV_29 obscuredadvmod
29obscuredobscureVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass23 shoreacl:relcl
30bybyADP_31 raincase
31rainrainNOUNNumber=Sing29 obscuredobl
32andandCCONJ_33 fogcc
33fogfogNOUNNumber=Sing31 rainconj
34,,PUNCT_36 drawpunct
35whowhoPRONPronType=Rel36 drawnsubj
36drawdrawVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin31 rainparataxis
37theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs38 livingnmod:poss
38livinglivingNOUNNumber=Sing36 drawobj
39fromfromADP_41 seacase
40thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art41 seadet
41seaseaNOUNNumber=Sing36 drawobl
42,,PUNCT_46 homepunct
43andandCCONJ_46 homecc
44arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin46 homecop
45atatADP_46 homecase
46homehomeNOUNNumber=Sing2 storiesconj
47ononADP_49 watercase
48thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art49 waterdet
49waterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing46 homenmod
50;;PUNCT_52 otherspunct
51andandCCONJ_52 otherscc
52othersotherNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
53withwithADP_54 inhabitantscase
54inhabitantsinhabitantNOUNNumber=Plur52 othersnmod
55ofofADP_58 plainscase
56thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art58 plainsdet
57highhighADJDegree=Pos58 plainsamod
58plainsplainNOUNNumber=Plur54 inhabitantsnmod
59,,PUNCT_64 purepunct
60wherewhereADVPronType=Rel64 pureadvmod
61thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art62 airdet
62airairNOUNNumber=Sing64 purensubj
63isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin64 purecop
64purepureADJDegree=Pos58 plainsparataxis
65andandCCONJ_66 drycc
66drydryADJDegree=Pos64 pureconj
67,,PUNCT_74 hiddenpunct
68andandCCONJ_74 hiddencc
69thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art71 sundet
70summersummerNOUNNumber=Sing71 suncompound
71sunsunNOUNNumber=Sing74 hiddennsubj:pass
72isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin74 hiddenaux:pass
73rarelyrarelyADV_74 hiddenadvmod
74hiddenhideVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass52 othersacl
75bybyADP_76 cloudscase
76cloudscloudNOUNNumber=Plur74 hiddenobl
77..PUNCT_52 otherspunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1obscurepresent · passiverain and fogskiesoften propertyvn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2drawpresentrain and fogskies's livingthe seavn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent living=Theme from sea=Initial_Location
3ispresenthomeon the watertree rules
4ispresentthe airpure propertytree rules
5bethe air not said heretree rules
6hidepresent · passivecloudsthe summer sunrarely propertyvn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
8liveskies = skynom living «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/2/1/