The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 20
He stopped for a moment when he came to this hole, but then he went in, and when he had entered he saw there, sitting by the fire, a big she-bear and some little cubs.
Who acts: boy, hole · What happens: stop, come, go in, enter, see, sit · To what, where: hole
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, hole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 stopped | nsubj |
| 2 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 moment | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 moment | det |
| 5 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 stopped | obl |
| 6 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 came | advmod |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 came | nsubj |
| 8 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stopped | advcl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 hole | case |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 hole | det |
| 11 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 came | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 went | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 16 went | cc |
| 14 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 went | advmod |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 went | nsubj |
| 16 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stopped | conj |
| 17 | in | in | ADV | _ | 16 went | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 entered | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 entered | cc |
| 20 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 23 entered | advmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 entered | nsubj |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 entered | aux |
| 23 | entered | enter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 25 saw | advcl |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 saw | nsubj |
| 25 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 stopped | parataxis |
| 26 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 25 saw | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 sitting | punct |
| 28 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 saw | conj |
| 29 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 fire | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 fire | det |
| 31 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sitting | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 bear | punct |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 bear | det |
| 34 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 bear | amod |
| 35 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 bear | nsubj |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 bear | punct |
| 37 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sitting | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 cubs | cc |
| 39 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 41 cubs | det |
| 40 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 cubs | amod |
| 41 | cubs | cub | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 bear | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 stopped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stop | past | boy | moment | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | come | past | boy | this hole | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to hole=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | go in | past | boy | then | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | enter | past · perfect | boy | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | see | past | boy | there | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | sit | gerund | boy not said here | by the fire | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location | ||||
| 7 | bear | hole | some little cubs conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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