The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 234
Late in the afternoon, just as the sun was going down, he saw, far up the river, what looked like a flock of geese coming.
Who acts: sun, river, geese · What happens: go down, see, look, come · To what, where: river
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, river, geese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Late | late | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 going | advmod |
| 2 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 afternoon | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 afternoon | det |
| 4 | afternoon | afternoon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Late | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Late | punct |
| 6 | just | just | ADV | _ | 11 going | advmod |
| 7 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 going | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 sun | det |
| 9 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 going | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 going | aux |
| 11 | going | go | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 saw | advcl |
| 12 | down | down | ADV | _ | 11 going | advmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 going | punct |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 saw | nsubj |
| 15 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 river | punct |
| 17 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 river | advmod |
| 18 | up | up | ADP | _ | 20 river | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 river | det |
| 20 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 saw | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 looked | punct |
| 22 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 23 looked | nsubj |
| 23 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 river | acl:relcl |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 flock | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 flock | det |
| 26 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 looked | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 geese | case |
| 28 | geese | goose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 flock | nmod |
| 29 | coming | come | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 geese | acl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go down | past · progressive | the sun | down, late property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | see | past | sun | the river | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer river=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | look | past | the river | like a flock of geese | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | come | gerund | geese not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/234/