The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 56
Many unknown animals were painted on it, and behind it, hanging from a tripod, were the war clothes of the Sun, made of the skins of strange animals, and trimmed with fine feathers.
Who acts: hanging · What happens: paint, hang, be, make, trim · To what, where: Many unknown animals, name, tripod, war clothes
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hanging), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 animals | amod |
| 2 | unknown | unknown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 animals | amod |
| 3 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 painted | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 painted | aux:pass |
| 5 | painted | paint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 it | case |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 painted | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 it | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 it | cc |
| 10 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 11 it | case |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 painted | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 hanging | punct |
| 13 | hanging | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 clothes | csubj |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 tripod | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 tripod | det |
| 16 | tripod | tripod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 hanging | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 tripod | punct |
| 18 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 clothes | cop |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 clothes | det |
| 20 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 clothes | compound |
| 21 | clothes | clothes | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 5 painted | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Sun | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Sun | det |
| 24 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 clothes | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 made | punct |
| 26 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 clothes | conj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 skins | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 skins | det |
| 29 | skins | skin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 made | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 animals | case |
| 31 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 animals | amod |
| 32 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 skins | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 trimmed | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 trimmed | cc |
| 35 | trimmed | trim | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 painted | conj |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 feathers | case |
| 37 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 feathers | amod |
| 38 | feathers | feather | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 trimmed | obl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 painted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | paint | past · passive | Many unknown animals | name | behind name | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: subject=Theme on it=Destination | |||
| 2 | hang | gerund | a tripod | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | hanging | the war clothes | of the Sun | tree rules | |||
| 4 | make | participle | hanging not said here | of the skins of strange animals | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 5 | trim | participle | with fine feathers | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with feather=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/56/