The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Medicine Lodge, sentence 86
When the Sun returned in the evening, Sun Dog said, “Father, my friend killed the bad birds to-day,” and he showed them to him.
Who acts: Sun, Father · What happens: return, say, kill, show · To what, where: bad birds, birds, friend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Medicine Lodge. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, Father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 returned | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Sun | det |
| 3 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 returned | nsubj |
| 4 | returned | return | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | advcl |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 evening | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 evening | det |
| 7 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 returned | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 returned | punct |
| 9 | Sun | Sun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 10 | Dog | Dog | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Sun | flat |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 killed | punct |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 Father | punct |
| 14 | Father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 killed | nsubj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 friend | punct |
| 16 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 friend | nmod:poss |
| 17 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Father | appos |
| 18 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 said | ccomp |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 birds | det |
| 20 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 birds | amod |
| 21 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 killed | obj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 day | case |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 to | punct |
| 24 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 killed | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 day | punct |
| 26 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 day | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 showed | cc |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 showed | nsubj |
| 29 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 killed | conj |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 showed | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 showed | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | return | past | the Sun | evening | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Sun | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | kill in a quote | past | Father | the bad birds | day | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme | |||
| 4 | show | past | father | birds = bird | friend | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Topic to he=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/11/86/