The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 26
There was a large river flowing through the valley, and along its banks grew groves of large cotton-woods and willows.
Who acts: large river, banks · What happens: be, flow, grow · To what, where: valley, groves
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (large river, banks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 river | det |
| 4 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 river | amod |
| 5 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | nsubj |
| 6 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 river | acl |
| 7 | through | through | ADP | _ | 9 valley | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 valley | det |
| 9 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 flowing | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 grew | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 grew | cc |
| 12 | along | along | ADP | _ | 14 banks | case |
| 13 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 banks | nmod:poss |
| 14 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 grew | nsubj |
| 15 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 was | conj |
| 16 | groves | grove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 grew | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 woods | case |
| 18 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 woods | amod |
| 19 | cotton | cotton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 woods | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 cotton | punct |
| 21 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 groves | nmod |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 willows | cc |
| 23 | willows | willow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 woods | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a large river | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | flow | gerund | a large river not said here | the valley | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through valley=Location | ||||
| 3 | grow | past | valley's banks | groves of large cotton woods and willows | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location grove=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/12/26/