The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 102
And now from afar the parent bird espied him in the nest, and swooped down with a terrible rushing roar, like far-off thunder.
Who acts: parent bird · What happens: espy, swoop down, rush · To what, where: limb, nest
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (parent bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 espied | cc |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 afar | advmod |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 4 afar | case |
| 4 | afar | afar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 espied | parataxis |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bird | det |
| 6 | parent | parent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bird | compound |
| 7 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 espied | nsubj |
| 8 | espied | espy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 espied | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 nest | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 nest | det |
| 12 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 espied | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 swooped | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 swooped | cc |
| 15 | swooped | swoop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 espied | conj |
| 16 | down | down | ADP | _ | 15 swooped | compound:prt |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 roar | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 roar | det |
| 19 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 roar | amod |
| 20 | rushing | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 roar | amod |
| 21 | roar | roar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 swooped | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 thunder | punct |
| 23 | like | like | ADP | _ | 27 thunder | case |
| 24 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 27 thunder | advmod |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 far | punct |
| 26 | off | off | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 thunder | compound |
| 27 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 swooped | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 espied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | espy | past | the parent bird | limb | the nest | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | swoop down | past | the parent bird not said here | with a terrible rushing roar; like off thunder | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | rush | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/102/