The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 103
Down, down, she came, swift as an arrow, to the very edge of the nest, and then soared upward with a bound, the rushing air behind swaying the tree as if a hurricane was passing.
Who acts: last, rushing air, hurricane · What happens: come, soar, rush, sway, pass · To what, where: swift, edge, tree
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (last, rushing air, hurricane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Down | down | ADV | _ | 3 down | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Down | punct |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 6 came | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 came | punct |
| 5 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 came | nsubj |
| 6 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 swift | punct |
| 8 | swift | swift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | obl |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 11 arrow | case |
| 10 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 arrow | det |
| 11 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 swift | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 edge | punct |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 edge | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 edge | det |
| 15 | very | very | ADV | _ | 16 edge | advmod |
| 16 | edge | edge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | obl |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 nest | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 nest | det |
| 19 | nest | nest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 edge | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 soared | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 soared | cc |
| 22 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 soared | advmod |
| 23 | soared | soar | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 came | conj |
| 24 | upward | upward | ADV | _ | 23 soared | advmod |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 27 bound | case |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 bound | det |
| 27 | bound | bound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 soared | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 air | punct |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 air | det |
| 30 | rushing | rush | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 air | amod |
| 31 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 bound | appos |
| 32 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 33 swaying | mark |
| 33 | swaying | sway | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 air | acl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 tree | det |
| 35 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 swaying | obj |
| 36 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 41 passing | mark |
| 37 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 41 passing | mark |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 hurricane | det |
| 39 | hurricane | hurricane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 passing | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 passing | aux |
| 41 | passing | pass | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 soared | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | last | swift as a arrow | the edge of the nest | down property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to edge=Initial_Location | ||
| 2 | soar | past | last not said here | then | with a bound; upward property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||
| 3 | rush | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | sway | gerund | the rushing air not said here | the tree | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location tree=Theme | ||||
| 5 | pass | past · progressive | a hurricane | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/103/