The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 57
He remembered the stories of the ancient ones who had been made well by their brothers, the animals of the plain and forest, of the air and the water, and he thought that they might help him too, if only he had an opportunity to meet them.
Who acts: thing, brothers, stories · What happens: remember, make, think, help, have, meet · To what, where: stories, ancient ones, thing, opportunity · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, brothers, stories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 remembered | nsubj |
| 2 | remembered | remember | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 stories | det |
| 4 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 remembered | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 ones | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 ones | det |
| 7 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 ones | amod |
| 8 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 stories | nmod |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 made | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 made | aux |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 made | aux:pass |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 ones | acl:relcl |
| 13 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 made | advmod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 brothers | case |
| 15 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 16 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 made | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 animals | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 animals | det |
| 19 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 brothers | appos |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 plain | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 plain | det |
| 22 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 animals | nmod |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 forest | cc |
| 24 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 plain | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 air | punct |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 air | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 air | det |
| 28 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 made | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 water | cc |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 water | det |
| 31 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 air | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 thought | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 thought | cc |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 thought | nsubj |
| 35 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 remembered | parataxis |
| 36 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 help | mark |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 help | nsubj |
| 38 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 help | aux |
| 39 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 thought | ccomp |
| 40 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 help | obj |
| 41 | too | too | ADV | _ | 39 help | advmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 had | punct |
| 43 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 46 had | mark |
| 44 | only | only | ADV | _ | 46 had | advmod |
| 45 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 had | nsubj |
| 46 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 thought | conj |
| 47 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 opportunity | det |
| 48 | opportunity | opportunity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 had | obj |
| 49 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 meet | mark |
| 50 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 opportunity | acl |
| 51 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 meet | obj |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 remembered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remember | past | thing | the stories of the ancient ones | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent story=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | past · perfect · passive | stories's brothers | the ancient ones | of the air and the water; well property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product | |||
| 3 | think speech: other | past | thing | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | help | might | stories = story | thing | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary | ||||
| 5 | have a condition, not said to happen | past | thing | a opportunity | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opportunity=Patient | ||||
| 6 | meet | to-infinitive | thing not said here | stories = story | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/57/