The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 12
“My son, some day you must die, and it may be that you will be killed by your enemy, for there is one thing that can hurt you.
Who acts: son, enemy, one thing · What happens: die, kill, be, hurt · To what, where: sleep, you
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, enemy, one thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 die | punct |
| 2 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 son | nmod:poss |
| 3 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 die | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 day | punct |
| 5 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 day | det |
| 6 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 son | appos |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 die | nsubj |
| 8 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 die | aux |
| 9 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 killed | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 killed | cc |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 killed | aux |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 killed | aux:pass |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 killed | mark |
| 16 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 killed | aux |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 killed | aux:pass |
| 19 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 die | conj |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 22 enemy | case |
| 21 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 enemy | nmod:poss |
| 22 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 killed | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 is | punct |
| 24 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 is | case |
| 25 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 26 is | expl |
| 26 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 die | conj |
| 27 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 thing | nummod |
| 28 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 is | nsubj |
| 29 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 hurt | nsubj |
| 30 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 hurt | aux |
| 31 | hurt | hurt | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 thing | acl:relcl |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 hurt | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 die | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | die in a quote | must | My son | you nsubj | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | kill in a quote | may · future · passive | your enemy | sleep | you nsubj:pass | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | |||
| 3 | be in a quote | present | one thing | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | hurt in a quote | can | one thing | you | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/14/12/