The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 40
When the boy was shooting, he held the ramrod in his hand.
Who acts: boy · What happens: shoot, hold · To what, where: ramrod, hand
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 shooting | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 boy | det |
| 3 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 shooting | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 shooting | aux |
| 5 | shooting | shoot | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 held | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 shooting | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 held | nsubj |
| 8 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 ramrod | det |
| 10 | ramrod | ramrod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 held | obj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 hand | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 hand | nmod:poss |
| 13 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ramrod | nmod |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot | past · progressive | the boy | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | hold | past | boy | the ramrod | boy's hand | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ramrod=Theme in hand=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/14/40/