The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 41
After a few days’ travel these young men found a trail where people had passed not long before, and following this trail, they saw a camp, and hid themselves near by to wait for night and then to go to it and take horses.
Who acts: young men, people, few days · What happens: find, pass, follow, see, hide, wait · To what, where: trail, camp, people, horses
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (young men, people, few days), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | ADP | _ | 6 travel | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 days | det |
| 3 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 days | amod |
| 4 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 travel | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ’ | 's | PART | _ | 4 days | case |
| 6 | travel | travel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 found | obl |
| 7 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 9 men | det |
| 8 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 men | amod |
| 9 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 found | nsubj |
| 10 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 trail | det |
| 12 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 found | obj |
| 13 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 16 passed | advmod |
| 14 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 passed | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 passed | aux |
| 16 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 trail | acl:relcl |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 long | advmod |
| 18 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 19 before | advmod |
| 19 | before | before | ADV | _ | 16 passed | advmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 saw | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 saw | cc |
| 22 | following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 trail | case |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 trail | det |
| 24 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 saw | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 trail | punct |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 saw | nsubj |
| 27 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 found | conj |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 camp | det |
| 29 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 saw | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 hid | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 hid | cc |
| 32 | hid | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 found | conj |
| 33 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 32 hid | obj |
| 34 | near | near | ADV | _ | 32 hid | advmod |
| 35 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 37 wait | mark |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 wait | mark |
| 37 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 hid | advcl |
| 38 | for | for | ADP | _ | 39 night | case |
| 39 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 wait | obl |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 go | cc |
| 41 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 43 go | advmod |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 go | mark |
| 43 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 wait | conj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 it | case |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 go | obl |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 take | cc |
| 47 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 go | conj |
| 48 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 take | obj |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 found | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | find | past | this young men | a trail | after a few days's travel | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Topic | |||
| 2 | pass | past · perfect | people | before property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | see | past | people | a camp | follow this trail | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer camp=Stimulus | |||
| 5 | hide | past | this young men not said here | people | near property | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient | |||
| 6 | wait | to-infinitive | this young men not said here | night | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | go | to-infinitive | this young men not said here | trail | then | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to it=Initial_Location | |||
| 8 | take | infinitive | this young men not said here | horses | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument horse=Destination | ||||
| 9 | travel | a few days | nom travel «act intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/14/41/