The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 72
He ate the lodge and the lining, his clothing, his wife’s things—everything that he could find in the lodge, and then took his bow and arrows and started to go to the cliff as the bear had told him to.
Who acts: man · What happens: eat, find, take, start, go, tell · To what, where: lodge, bow, cliff, bear, man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ate | nsubj |
| 2 | ate | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 lodge | det |
| 4 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ate | obj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 lining | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 lining | det |
| 7 | lining | lining | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lodge | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 clothing | punct |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 clothing | nmod:poss |
| 10 | clothing | clothing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lodge | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 things | punct |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 wife | nmod:poss |
| 13 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 things | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 wife | case |
| 15 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 ate | obl |
| 16 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 everything | punct |
| 17 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 15 things | appos |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 find | mark |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 find | nsubj |
| 20 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 find | aux |
| 21 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 everything | acl:relcl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 lodge | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 lodge | det |
| 24 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 find | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 took | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 took | cc |
| 27 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 took | advmod |
| 28 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ate | parataxis |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 bow | nmod:poss |
| 30 | bow | bow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 took | obj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 arrows | cc |
| 32 | arrows | arrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 bow | conj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 started | cc |
| 34 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 took | conj |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 go | mark |
| 36 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 started | xcomp |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 cliff | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 cliff | det |
| 39 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 go | obl |
| 40 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 44 told | mark |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 bear | det |
| 42 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 told | nsubj:pass |
| 43 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 told | aux |
| 44 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 go | advcl |
| 45 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 told | iobj |
| 46 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 told | xcomp |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ate | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | past | man | the lodge and the lining and man's clothing | man's wife's things obl | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lodge=Patient | |||
| 2 | find | could | man | the lodge | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | take | past | man's bow and arrows | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bow=Theme | ||||
| 4 | start | past | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 5 | go | to-infinitive | the cliff | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to cliff=Initial_Location | |||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect · passive | the bear | man | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/15/72/