The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Shield Quiver’s Wife, sentence 11
Before he started the chief of the camp sent for him to come to his lodge, saying that he wished to speak with him.
Who acts: Shield, chief · What happens: start, send, come, say, wish, speak · To what, where: lodge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Shield Quiver’s Wife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shield, chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 3 started | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 started | nsubj |
| 3 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 sent | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 chief | det |
| 5 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sent | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 camp | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 camp | det |
| 8 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 chief | nmod |
| 9 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 13 come | mark |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 come | nsubj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 come | mark |
| 13 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 sent | ccomp |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 lodge | case |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 lodge | nmod:poss |
| 16 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 come | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 saying | punct |
| 18 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 come | advcl |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 wished | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 wished | nsubj |
| 21 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 saying | ccomp |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 speak | mark |
| 23 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 wished | xcomp |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 speak | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 sent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start | past | Shield | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | send | past | the chief of the camp | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | come | to-infinitive | Shield | Shield's lodge | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to lodge=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | gerund | Shield not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | wish | past | Shield | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | speak speech: other not said to happen | to-infinitive | Shield not said here | with Shield | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with he=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/16/11/