The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 123
“Four times you have asked for the old cutting, and when that sacred number is reached I cannot refuse.
Who acts: e ai · What happens: ask, reach, not refuse · To what, where: Four times, sacred number
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (e ai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
| 2 | Four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 times | nummod |
| 3 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 asked | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 asked | nsubj |
| 5 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 asked | aux |
| 6 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 cutting | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 cutting | det |
| 9 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 cutting | amod |
| 10 | cutting | cutting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 asked | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 reached | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 reached | cc |
| 13 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 18 reached | mark |
| 14 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 number | det |
| 15 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 number | amod |
| 16 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 reached | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 reached | aux:pass |
| 18 | reached | reach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 asked | parataxis |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 refuse | nsubj |
| 20 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 refuse | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 refuse | advmod |
| 22 | refuse | refuse | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 reached | parataxis |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask in a quote | present · perfect · passive | Four times | for the old cutting; you nsubj | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | reach in a quote | present · passive | that sacred number | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not refuse in a quote | can | e ai = ai | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/123/