The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 16
He cannot help being poor, and I am sorry for him.
Who acts: man, I · What happens: not help, be
This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 help | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 help | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 help | advmod |
| 4 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 poor | cop |
| 6 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 help | xcomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sorry | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 sorry | cc |
| 9 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 sorry | nsubj |
| 10 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 sorry | cop |
| 11 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 help | conj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 sorry | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 help | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not help | can | man | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | is not said to happen | gerund | man not said here | poor property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | I | for man; sorry property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/16/